Insights from an expressive writing intervention on Facebook to help alleviate depressive symptoms

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders. Studies have shown that various online social network (OSN) activities can be used as a marker for people's moods as well as symptoms of subsyndromal depression, suggesting possibilities for online-based interventions. This study investigates one such potential by developing an expressive writing application within Facebook and by investigating how the designed intervention as well as various online social network activities contribute to improving one's emotional state. Experimental data show that negative emotional words and cognitive words in online expressive writing are the two most important factors in alleviating depressive symptoms. Furthermore, participants who have had previous experience expressing emotions in OSNs reported the greatest reduction in depressive symptoms. Our findings have implications that can assist in designing personalized online intervention platforms and for sophisticated writing therapy to maximize the effect of expressive writing.     

The influence of depression and personality on social networking

Established literature supports the notion that depressed individuals tend to be socially maladjusted and behave differently from those who aren't depressed. Yet, previous studies seem to overlook the influence of personality on behavior. Particularly, neuroticism may moderate the effect of depression on the way people behave. As one of the Big-Five factors of personality, neuroticism refers to a trait of one's capability to control emotional distress. Based on behavioral data from 393 Facebook users, current research demonstrates the interaction between depression and personality. Users engaged in activities at different levels of activities corresponding to their depression levels. Further, the effect of depression on social networking was regulated by personality: once neuroticism exceeded certain points, an increase in depression led to a decrease in social networking activities.     

A longitudinal study of the association between Compulsive Internet use and wellbeing

ObjectiveCompulsive Internet Use (CIU) has been linked to lower wellbeing, especially among adolescents. Yet, questions regarding the directionality of this association remain unanswered: CIU may influence wellbeing and vice versa. Theoretically, both directions are plausible, yet so far no studies have examined the directionality of these effects among adults. This article aims to shed light on the directionality of the relation between CIU and both positive and negative wellbeing, using a prospective, longitudinal sample of adults (n = 398).MethodsOver the course of four years, participants completed five assessments of their CIU and both positive and negative indicators of wellbeing. Participants were married couples who were recruited in the municipalities where they were married.ResultsCIU predicted increases in depression, loneliness and stress over time, and a decrease in happiness. No effect of CIU on the change in self-esteem was found. Further, happiness predicted a decrease in CIU over time.ConclusionsThe results suggest CIU lowers wellbeing. This is important given that lowered wellbeing may affect health. Happiness is suggested to be a buffer for developing CIU.     

Internet use and depression among older adults

The findings regarding the impact of Internet use on well-being are mixed and studies are often criticized due to small samples and lack of consistency in measurement. Fewer studies have examined this issue among older adults. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Internet use and depression among retired Americans age 50 years or older. Using data from the Health and Retirement Survey, the study estimates the relationship between Internet use and depression through combined use of regression and propensity score methodologies. All empirical methods indicate a positive contribution of Internet use to mental well-being of retired older adults (?50 years), reducing depression categorization by approximately 20–28%.     

成藏期剩余压力与储层排替压力下限耦合恢复油气成藏过程——以济阳坳陷车西洼陷为例

通过对济阳坳陷车西洼陷主要油田储层孔喉半径与含油气性关系的研究,确定了现今储层排替压力下限,结合地层沉积速率和压实模型,得到了不同时期储层排替压力下限。基于成藏期剩余压力与储层排替压力下限的耦合关系恢复了研究区主要油田源下油气藏的形成过程。在古近系东营组沉积末期有少量油气充注,在馆陶组沉积中期生烃范围恢复到东营组剥蚀期前的水平并再次充注,主体油藏大规模聚集形成于明化镇组沉积早期,南部斜坡带的潜山油气藏成藏期最晚,为明化镇组沉积末期（距今2 Ma左右）。根据成藏期油气运聚动力与阻力的耦合关系,预测源下油气藏分布范围为明化镇组沉积末期沙三段底部剩余压力大于0.6 MPa的地区。     

渤海湾盆地牛东1超深潜山高温油气藏的发现及其意义

冀中坳陷霸县凹陷牛东1井在蓟县系雾迷山组获得了石油642.9 m³/d、天然气 56.3×10⁴ m³/d 的特高产油气流,从而发现了渤海湾盆地乃至中国东部目前埋深最大、温度最高的潜山油气藏。牛东1井钻探揭示,油气藏底部深度已达6027m 仍未见油水界面,温度已达201℃。该潜山油气藏的发现经历了初战失利、再战搁浅、重燃希望、重大突破4个阶段30余年的探索,高精度二次三维地震勘探及抗高温深度体积酸压改造为其圈闭发现和获得高产提供了关键技术支持。该超深潜山油气藏高产富集的主要因素：①深层沙四段-孔店组发育巨厚优质高成熟烃源岩,油气源充足;②潜山储集物性好,基本不受埋深的影响;③成藏条件匹配好,具有圈闭早形成并被烃源岩包围,以及油气早充注、持续充注、高压充注的成藏优势。牛东1潜山油气藏的发现对于推动渤海湾盆地超深层潜山油气勘探具有重要的里程碑意义。     

威信凹陷页岩气成藏条件分析与有利区优选

根据页岩气区域地质调查研究、钻探和地震勘探成果,研究滇黔北坳陷威信凹陷页岩气成藏条件,优选页岩气勘探“甜点”。寒武系牛蹄塘组和志留系龙马溪组黑色页岩是威信凹陷页岩气两套重点勘探评价层系,单层厚度达50 m以上,有机质丰度高,具有低孔、低渗和富硅质特征,具备形成页岩气藏的有利地质条件并易于后期储集层压裂改造。上覆碎屑岩盖层、无通天断层、浅层整体封闭3大因素并存利于页岩气藏保存。岩心解吸显示页岩气成分以甲烷为主,页岩气含量随保存条件变好、页岩TOC丰度增大和地层压力加大而增加。页岩气勘探甜点综合评价优选认为,凹陷北部的筠连—罗布地区为龙马溪组和牛蹄塘组页岩气目的层叠合的最有利甜点勘探区,中部的花坭—威信地区为牛蹄塘组页岩气有利甜点区。建议重视下石炭统旧司组、上二叠统乐平组的页岩气勘探评价。图7表3参14     

辽河坳陷东部凹陷天然气特征及成因类型

辽河坳陷东部凹陷是辽河油田重要的天然气生产区,随着勘探程度的不断深入,亟待从整体格局上对天然气成因、成藏与分布规律进行系统研究,确定下一步勘探方向与勘探潜力。为此,依据该区天然气的地球化学特征（含氮特征、干燥系数、碳同位素特征、甲烷氢同位素特征、轻烃特征等）,对其成因类型和分布规律进行了分析。结果认为：该区天然气具有较明显的混源特征,既表现为不同热演化程度天然气的混合,也表现为不同成因类型天然气的混合;不同层系、不同地区天然气混合比例有着较大区别,总体上以生物-油型混合气和油型-煤型混合气为主;按照成熟阶段来划分则以热解气为主,裂解气和过渡带气各占3%和6%。     

黄骅坳陷沙一段沉积体系研究

黄骅坳陷沙一段是该坳陷含油范围最广、油层分布最稳定的勘探开发层系.为明确该层段的油气分布规律及勘探前景,利用岩心、测井和分析化验等资料,研究了不同沉积相的特征及平面展布.综合分析认为该区主要发育近岸水下扇、辫状河三角洲、三角洲、重力流、碳酸盐岩台地等多种沉积相类型,预测出近岸水下扇扇中、辫状河三角洲前缘、三角洲前缘、重...